Section 6 attempts to analyse changes in agrarian relations in Kerala. Section 5 discusses aspects of caste and gender relations in Kerala.
Section 4 deals with literacy, a key facilitator of Kerala's health and demographic achievements. It also discusses some pockets of persistent health-deprivation in the state. Specifically, it deals with health, nutrition, the public distribution system, and sex ratios. Section 3 deals with Kerala's achievements in respect of the health status of the people. The second section discusses some basic features of Kerala's economy and society. Lessons from Kerala's experience for the rest of India and, perhaps, for other developing societies. The purpose of this study, however, is not to study the specific features of Kerala's experience only in order to try and establish Kerala's exclusiveness it is to try and draw When studying the sources of Kerala's current levels of achievement, it quickly becomes clear that Kerala has special features in respect of a host of social circumstances. The objective of this review is to investigate the sources of Kerala's high-profile performance in respect of living standards. The gaps between ‘backward’ and ‘advanced’ regions of the state have been narrowed substantially. The circulation of newspapers is more widespread in Kerala than elsewhere in India. Kerala has the best public food-distribution system of India's states. Women in Kerala have made outstanding gains in the spheres of health and education. There have been important achievements with respect to the abolition of untouchability. The most radical implementation of land reforms in India has taken place in Kerala. The rate of literacy among persons in the state who are 7 years old and above is more than 90 per cent. The rate of immunization is among the highest in India, and current data indicate that girls are immunized at the same rate as boys. Kerala has the lowest birth and death rates in India, and has more hospital beds relative to the population than any other state. There were 1040 females per thousand males in Kerala in 1991. The infant mortality rate in 1992 was 17 per thousand in rural Kerala and 13 per thousand in urban Kerala. Life expectancy at birth in Kerala was 68.8 years for men and 74.4 years for women in 1990–2.
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